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CIF

Cost, Insurance and Freight

Group C · Main carriage paid · Sea & inland waterway only

The seller delivers on board at the port of shipment, pays ocean freight to the named destination port, and buys marine insurance for the buyer's benefit. Under Incoterms 2020 the required minimum remains Institute Cargo Clauses (C) at 110% of contract value.

Where risk transfers

On board the vessel at the port of shipment.

Seller's cost & riskBuyer's cost & risk

Seller pays

  • Packaging
  • Export clearance
  • Loading
  • Ocean freight
  • ICC (C) insurance at 110%

Buyer pays

  • Discharge (unless in freight contract)
  • Import clearance and duties
  • Any top-up insurance

Insurance

Mandatory minimum cover: Institute Cargo Clauses (C), 110% of contract value, in the contract currency.

Customs

Export clearance: Seller

Import clearance: Buyer

Use it when

Traditional letter-of-credit commodity trades on sea freight.

Watch out

ICC (C) is a named-perils policy and is thin cover. If the cargo is valuable, negotiate ICC (A) explicitly or use CIP.